Catalysts

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Catalysts

Catalysts work by changing the structure of a molecule or by bonding to reactant molecules causing them to combine, react, and release a product or energy.  For example, a catalyst is required in order for oxygen and hydrogen to bond, combine and produce water.

Catalysts increase the rate of chemical reactions. Unlike a reagent that gets consumed as apart of the chemical reaction, catalysts do not get consumed in the reaction. They can actually participate in multiple chemical transformations.Catalysts can be organic, synthetic or metal.

All processes need energy to take place. Processes require a very high level of energy in order to spark or start if a catalyst isn’t present.  When a catalyst is present the amount of energy required to spark the reaction is lowered and that makes the reaction happen faster and more efficiently.

Catalytic effects vary depending on other substances present that are a part of the chemical reactions. There are certain substances that can inhibit the effectiveness of a catalyst like poisons, and other substances that promote or increase the effect of the catalyst.  Inhibitors or negative catalysts are very important in medicine to treat mental illnesses, high blood pressure, cancer and many other diseases.

Catalysts are often used to help crack, or split, larger organic molecules like hydrocarbons into simpler molecules. It does this by breaking carbon-carbon bonds. The speed of the splitting process depends heavily on what specific catalyst is used and the temperature.  Applications of this technology include oil and petrochemical industries.